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閑意

柴門雖設(shè)不曾開，

為怕人行損綠苔。

妍日漸催春意動，

好風(fēng)時卷市聲來。

學(xué)經(jīng)妻問生疏字，

嘗酒兒斟瀲灩杯。

安得小園寬半畝，

黃梅綠李一時栽。

Kenneth Rexroth’s Translation of Lu You‘s Poem (One)

Idleness

I keep the rustic gate closed

For fear somebody might step

On the green moss. The sun grows

Warmer. You can tell it’s Spring.

Once in a while, when the breeze

Shifts, I can hear the sounds of the

Village. My wife is reading

The classics. Now and then she

Asks me the meaning of a word.

I call for wine and my son

Fills my cup till it runs over.

I have only a little

Garden, but it is planted

With yellow and purple plums.

Selected from One Hundred Poems from the Chinese by Kenneth Rexroth (p 109)

DeWitt Clinton’s Adaptation from Rexroth’s Translation of Lu You’s Poem (One)

After Watching Fireworks from a 55th Floor by the Lake

I Fall into a Relapse, Find Solace in Lu Yu’s “Idleness”

We keep the front door locked

In case aliens show up

Wanting to fix up our little place.

Road crews remind us it’s summer.

We’re lucky living with Lake breezes cooling

Us down on our warm summer days.

Sometimes my wife will read

Something new in the world of health.

We wonder if we’ll live longer.

Every now and then I’ll walk

For a new bottle of wine.

In our forest, I’ve planted

Food for rabbits and us

As well as purple day lilies.

張瓊翻譯的德威特?克林頓的“再生詩” (一)

在湖邊的55樓觀看煙花之后，我舊病復(fù)發(fā)，在陸游的“閑意”中找到了安慰

我們把前門鎖上

以防外星人出現(xiàn)

來修理我們的小地方。

道路工作人員提醒我們現(xiàn)在是夏天。

幸運的是，湖風(fēng)習(xí)習(xí)，

我們的夏日溫暖舒適。

有時妻子會讀一些

健康的世界里新的東西。

不知我們是否能活得更長久。

偶爾我會走去

買一瓶新酒。

在我們的森林，我種下

兔子和我們吃的糧食，

還有紫色的百合花。

秋思

利欲驅(qū)人萬火牛，

江湖浪跡一沙鷗。

日長似歲閑方覺，

事大如山醉亦休。

衣杵相望深巷月，

井桐搖落故園秋。

欲舒老眼無高處，

安得元龍百尺樓。

Kenneth Rexroth’s Translation   of Lu You‘s Poem (Two)

Autumn Thoughts

Great fame can be obtained

By routing an army

With oxen carrying

Burning straw on their horns.

But after all, it is

No more important than

The tracks of sandpipers

On a wave washed beach.

Days go by and become

A year and I am too

Lazy to notice. The

Business of Heaven

Vanishes in a Wine cup.

By the river they are

Beating cloth for winter.

Moonlight penetrates the

Forest. The trees are losing

Their leaves. Autumn has come

To my withered garden.

I decide to climb to some

High place to enjoy the view.

But I can only manage

The hundred steps of the

Yuan Hung pagoda.

Selected from One Hundred  Poems from the Chinese by Kenneth Rexroth (p 112)

DeWitt Clinton’s Adaptation from Rexroth’s Translation of Lu You’s Poem (Two)

Leafing Through an Old “People” Magazine,

I Turn Instead to “Autumn Thoughts” by Lu Yu

It’s hard not to pay

Attention to the young

Russian sitting outside

The village coffee house smoking

Through two packs since I

Stepped in, but she’s

Oh so much more

Famous in my eye just

Sitting knees to chin her

Smoking nose unnoticed by who might

Walk by not even

A glance or

Sense the earth might spin.

We’re as good as vanished.

Winter’s still not here.

Tonight we dine

Out on our wedding day.

We dream of strolling soon

In faraway Granada.

It’s not that hard to climb

The bluffs to see our Lake.

I’m learning how to run

The 88 steps behind our

Lake Park Bistro.

張瓊翻譯的德威特?克林頓的“再生詩” (二)

翻閱一本舊的“人物”雜志，我想起陸游的“秋思”

很難

不注意到

打我進來

那坐在村里的咖啡館外

吸了兩包煙

的俄羅斯年輕人。

哦，她

在看來

更不同的是坐膝，下巴微揚，

吸煙的鼻子絲毫不在意

誰打她身邊走過

或是感覺地球旋轉(zhuǎn)，

連眼皮都不抬一下。

我們就盡快走開。

冬天還沒到。

婚禮當(dāng)天，

今晚我們出去吃飯

我們夢想不久就能漫步

遙遠的格拉納達。

攀上懸崖

觀看我們的湖并沒那么難。

我正學(xué)著

在我們的湖公園小酒館后

如何跑88步。

泛湖至東涇三首

春水六七里，

夕陽三四家。

兒童牧鵝鴨，

婦女治桑麻。

地僻衣巾古，

年豐笑語嘩。

老夫維小艇，

半醉摘藤花。

Kenneth Rexroth’s Translation  of Lu You‘s Poem (Three)

Sailing on the Lake to the Ching River

It is  Spring on the lake and

I run six or seven miles.

Sunset,  I notice a few

Houses. Children are driving

Home the ducks and geese. Young girls

Are  coming home carrying

Mulberry leaves and hemp. Here

In this hidden village the

Old ways still go on. The crops

Are  good. Everybody is

Laughing. This old man fastens

His boat and climbs up the bank.

Tipsy, he holds fast to the vines.

Selected from One Hundred  Poems from the Chinese by Kenneth Rexroth (p 113)

DeWitt Clinton’s Adaptation from Rexroth’s Translation of Lu You’s Poem (Three)

After a Training Run Along the Lake I’m Surprised

With Lu Yu’s “Sailing on the Lake to the Ching River”

Signs along our beach remind swimmers

Not to even dream of going in

To float with sewage flows.

Along the Lake I pace

Myself with all the local soaring gulls

Who seem to swoop

Much faster than I can.

The village road crews stay

Much longer than we’d like them to.

Everyone at the Lake

Stands in line for custard.

The lifeguard rows and rows all

Afternoon weary of those who wade in.

張瓊翻譯的德威特?克林頓的“再生詩” (三)

經(jīng)過一次沿湖的跑步訓(xùn)練，我驚訝于陸游的 “陸游的泛湖至東涇”

海灘沿岸的標(biāo)志提醒游泳者

不要進去

隨著污水漂浮。

伴隨著當(dāng)?shù)匕肯璧暮ｚt

我沿著湖邊漫步。

海鷗俯沖過去

比我快得多。

村道路工作人員逗留

很久才離去。

大家在湖邊

排隊等蛋奶沙司。

救生員整下午都在嚷嚷

那些令人生厭的涉水人群。

 Translated by Zhang Qiong / 張瓊 譯

      While working on a final sabbatical from my university, I was curious to learn about collections of poetry with the generic title, “100 Poems…” The study was interesting, and I browsed through quite a few collections both American and international, but what intrigued me the most were the collections of ancient or classical Chinese poets.  All of these collections provided such a delightful change from what I had been researching, teaching, and writing about:  literature of the Holocaust and literature of genocides. 

        正值大學(xué)最后一次休假，我很好奇了解這些詩集，通用標(biāo)題為“100首詩......”。這項研究很有意思，我瀏覽了不少美國和國際的詩集，但最讓我感興趣的是中國古代或古典詩人的詩集。這些詩集令我愉悅，有別于我一直的研究，教學(xué)和寫作：大屠殺文學(xué)和種族滅絕文學(xué)。

      When I found Kenneth Rexroth’s volume, 100 Poems from the Chinese, I was struck by how they read like American poetry of the 1970’s, and of course the volume was published by New Directions in 1971. The lines and images were simply striking, quite lyrical and covering topics I seldom had been writing about, and because of the appeal of nature, lakes and rivers, seasons, love and regret, wars, and the general sweep of “the human condition,” I knew that I was finding a collection of poems that I simply couldn’t put down.  In fact, the poems felt like I was cleansing an old soul, and even after reading the first poem, one of Tu Fu’s poem about a family banquet, I thought I should take some notes, jot down a few impressions.  Before I realized what I was doing, I was creating the first of 114 “adaptations” or “improvisations” of all of his poems, something like an “after” poem of a 1970’s translation of a classical Chinese poem written sometime in the 8th Century C.E.

        當(dāng)我找到肯尼斯·雷克斯雷斯100首來自中國的詩歌時，我對它們?nèi)绾巫x起來就像1970年代的美國詩歌感到吃驚，當(dāng)然這詩集也是由新方向（New Directions）于1971年出版的。詩行和意象引人注目，非常抒情，涵蓋了我很少寫的主題：大自然，湖泊和河流，季節(jié)，愛情和遺憾，戰(zhàn)爭，以及“人類狀況，我知道我正在尋到一些令我根本無法放下的詩集。事實上，這些詩讓覺得正在潔凈一個蒼老的靈魂，甚至在讀完第一首詩，關(guān)于杜甫家庭宴會的一首詩之后，我想應(yīng)該寫筆記，記下一些印象。在意識到自己在做什么之時，我正在第一次對他所有詩歌的114次“改編”或“即興創(chuàng)作”，就像是一首1970年代翻譯的一首8世紀的中國古典詩歌的“后續(xù)”詩。

Since a Spanish professor advised me in graduate school to never translate anything, I’ve hesitated to begin.  On the other hand, I’ve been fascinated with texts from ancient worlds, and have been keenly interested in bringing them into the present through a poetic tradition known as improvisation. I’ve retold conquistador narratives into contemporary poetry, not because I have a keen interest in traditional translation, but because I’ve wanted to renew reader interest in fascinating texts.  I’ve also layered the Tao de Ching against images of Auschwitz in the hopes of examining the universality of evil. Regarding Kenneth Rexroth’s translations, I don’t have access to his translation team’s notes, but what I do like are his modern interpretations of classical Chinese life through his 100 Poems from the Chinese.  When I first read them, I was not interested in how faithful he might have been with the originals, but with how refreshing his interpretation was of life in the 8th century China. I don’t think his collection would have been as popular as it was, and still is, if he had been “faithful” to the 7 words per line/8 lines per poem, and rhymed.  His translation is refreshingly bright and clear and does read as contemporary American poetry of the late 1960’s with references to ancient Chinese cities, towns, rivers, court and family life, and making it sound completely relevant to today. I hope my own rendition of his collection will continue to bring the ancient Chinese life to a different landscape and sensibility. My collection of 114 poems of his 114 are not rhymed, purposely, as I was hoping to capture not the classical Chinese rhyme scheme, but instead, I hoped to renew interest in illustrating how contemporary the Chinese poets were, and are today.

        一位西班牙教授建議我在研究生院不要翻譯任何東西，我有點猶豫不決了。另一方面，我對來自古代世界的文本著迷，并且一直非常有興趣通過一種被稱為即興創(chuàng)作的詩意傳統(tǒng)將它們帶入現(xiàn)在。我把征服者的敘述重新寫進了當(dāng)代詩歌，不是因為我對傳統(tǒng)翻譯有濃厚的興趣，而是因為我想讓讀者更加關(guān)注迷人的文本。我還將《道德經(jīng)》與《奧斯維辛》的形象作了對比，希望以此來檢驗邪惡的普遍性。關(guān)于肯尼斯·雷克斯雷斯的翻譯，我無法翻閱他的翻譯團隊的筆記，但我喜歡的是他通過他的100首中國詩歌對中國古典生活的現(xiàn)代詮釋。第一次閱讀時，對于他對原作的忠誠度，我并不感興趣，但他對8世紀中國生活的解釋令人耳目一新。如果他“忠實”于原詩的每首詩8行，每行7個單詞，并且還押韻，我認為他的詩集不一定會這樣受歡迎，無論過去還是現(xiàn)在。他的翻譯令人耳目一新，明明白白，讀起來像1960年代后期的當(dāng)代美國詩歌，提到了中國古代的城市、城鎮(zhèn)、河流、宮廷和家庭生活，使其聽起來與今天完全相關(guān)。希望我自己對他的詩集的演繹將繼續(xù)給中國古代生活帶來不同的景觀和情感。我收集他的114首詩，有意不押韻的，因為我希望捕捉的不是中國古典韻律，而是希望重新激發(fā)人們對中國詩人過去和現(xiàn)在的興趣。

I am quite drawn to Rexroth’s 114 poems as they appear, in translation, to be remarkably contemporary to the human condition.  His translations are fresh, clean, crisp, tender, loving, fretful, melancholic, joyful, in fact, it seems he has captured in these poems the full array of human emotions grounded in the classical world of Chinese literature, but also completely relevant to human feelings and expressions today.  The references to the ancient Chinese world add immensely to the pleasure of reading them.  If I had read them as a soldier in Vietnam, I might be a completely different person than I am today, so I am deeply grateful for finding these poems, and I can only hope my adaptations of Rexroth’s American 1970’s renderings of ancient Chinese poems adds a dimension to his wonderful collection, 100 Poems from the Chinese.

        我對雷克斯羅斯的114首詩很感興趣，因為它們在翻譯中顯得與當(dāng)代人類的狀況非常相似。他的譯文清新、干凈、清脆、柔情、愛、煩躁、憂郁、歡樂，事實上，似乎在這些詩中捕捉到了植根于中國古典文學(xué)世界的各種人類情感，但也與當(dāng)今人類的情感和表達方式完全相關(guān)。對中國古代世界的提及，極大地增加了閱讀的樂趣。如果在越南當(dāng)兵時讀到這些詩，我可能和現(xiàn)在的我完全不同。因此，能找到這些詩，我心存感恩。希望我改編的萊克斯羅斯的美國1970年代的中國古代詩作，能為他的精彩詩集，100首中國詩歌，增加一個維度。

Translated by Zhang Qion / 張瓊 譯