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【五代十國·詞的產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展（1）】 

蘋葉軟，杏花明，畫船輕。雙浴鴛鴦出綠汀，棹歌聲。

春水無風(fēng)無浪，春天半雨半晴。紅粉相隨南浦晚，幾含情。

——詞《春光好·蘋葉軟》/五代·和凝

五代十國是詞的重要發(fā)展時(shí)期。詞人和凝（898年—955年）的詞寫出了春游的艷麗明快，讓人難以忘懷。 

詞是一種詩的別體，始于南梁，形成于唐代，五代十國后開始興盛，至宋代達(dá)到頂峰。她是中國古典文學(xué)中的一個(gè)重要的體裁。

The Generation and Development of Ci Poetry (1) 

The apple leaves are soft and the apricot flowers are bright while the painting boat rowing quietly in the river. The double bathing mandarin ducks get out of the green land riverside, with singing from boatman. 

There is no wind or waves upon the spring water, there is half rain and half sunny in the sky of spring. A girl follow me to Nanpu in the evening, with more love in her eyes.

 ——Ci poetry title Chung Guanghao, Apple Leaf Soft / by He Nin,the Five Dynasty.

 The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms were an important period of development of Ci poetry.He Nin（898—955）,the famous Ci writer described the gorgeous of his spring outing travel, which was unforgettable. 

Ci is a different poetry, the prototype began in the Southern Liang Dynasty, formed in the Tang Dynasty, and flourished after the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, and reached its peak in the Song Dynasty. She is an important genre in classical Chinese literature.  【五代十國·詞的產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展（2）】

“詞有定格，句有定數(shù)，字有定聲”，詞有上述自身的特點(diǎn)。詞牌是詞的標(biāo)志。在文學(xué)史上，詞以其特有的抑揚(yáng)頓挫的音樂美、錯(cuò)綜變化的韻律、長短參差的句法以及所抒發(fā)的濃烈深摯的感情，成為一種深受人們喜愛的文學(xué)體裁。

到了宋代，詞進(jìn)入到全盛時(shí)期。隨后，在元、明時(shí)代衰落了三百多年后，詞在清代重新進(jìn)入發(fā)展?fàn)顟B(tài)。

The Generation and Development of Ci Poetry (2)

"The type has fixed metre, the sentence has fixed number, the word has fixed sound", the Ci poetry has its own characteristics as said above. The tunes of Ci name is the sign of the Ci poetry. In the history of literature, Ci has a popular literary genre with its unique musical beauty, intricate rhythm, syntax of varying length and short, and the strong and deep feelings expressed. 

In the Song Dynasty, Ci entered its heyday. Subsequently, after more than three hundred years of decline in the Yuan and Ming dynasties, Ci entered a state of development afresh in the Qing Dynasty.  【五代十國·詞的產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展（3）】

詞最初稱為"曲詞"或"曲子詞"，別稱有近體樂府、長短句、曲子、曲詞、樂章、琴趣、詩余，用以配音樂吟唱。

據(jù)《舊唐書》記載：“自開元(唐玄宗年號(hào))以來，歌者雜用胡夷里巷之曲”。由于音樂的廣泛流傳，當(dāng)時(shí)的都市里有很多以演唱為生的優(yōu)伶樂師。根據(jù)唱詞和音樂節(jié)拍配合的需要，創(chuàng)作或改編出一些長短句參差的曲詞，這便是最早的詞了。

The Generation and Development of Ci Poetry ( 3)

Ci was originally called "Qu Ci" or "Musical poetry".They also known as recent Yuefu poetry, long and short sentences, music poetry, lyrics，which was used to match music singing.

According to the Biography of Old Book of the Tang Dynasty, "Since the Kaiyuan period (the reign title of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty), the singers had miscellaneously used the foreign musics and folk musics to sing ". Due to the widespread of music, there were many musicians in the city who made a living by singing at that time. According to the need of the lyrics and the musical beat,some uneven long and short sentences of the lyrics were created or adapted, which became the earliest Ci poetry.