Millions of people around the world cook their food over a smoky fire every day. It is often difficult to find wood for the fire. People who do not have wood must spend large amounts of money on cooking fuel. However, there is a much easier way to cook food using energy from the sun.
世界上有數(shù)百萬人每天在煙霧彌漫的火上烹煮食物。通常很難找到生火的木柴。沒有木材的人必須花大量的錢在烹飪?nèi)剂仙?。然而，有一種更簡(jiǎn)單的方法利用太陽能烹飪食物。
Solar cookers, or ovens, have been used for centuries. A Swiss scientist made the first solar oven in seventeen sixty-seven. Today, people are using solar cookers in many countries around the world. People use solar ovens to cook food and to heat drinking water to kill bacteria and other harmful organisms.
太陽能炊具或烤箱已經(jīng)使用了幾個(gè)世紀(jì)。一位瑞士科學(xué)家在1767年制造了第一臺(tái)太陽能烤箱。今天，全世界許多國(guó)家的人們都在使用太陽能炊具。人們使用太陽能烤爐做飯，加熱飲用水以殺死細(xì)菌和其他有害生物。
There are three kinds of solar ovens. The first is a box cooker. It is designed with a special wall that shines or reflects sunlight into the box. Heat gets trapped under a piece of glass or plastic covering the top of the cooker. A box oven is effective for slow cooking of large amounts of food.
有三種太陽能烤爐。第一種是箱式炊具。它是用一種特殊的墻設(shè)計(jì)的，它能把陽光照進(jìn)盒子里。熱量被一個(gè)玻璃或塑料覆蓋在炊具的頂部。盒式烤爐對(duì)于慢煮大量的食物是有效的。
The second kind of solar oven is a panel cooker. It includes several flat walls, or panels, that directly reflect the sun's light onto the food. The food is inside a separate container of plastic or glass that traps heat energy. People can build panel cookers quickly and with very few supplies. They do not cost much. In Kenya, for example, panel cookers are being manufactured for just two dollars.
第二種太陽能灶是板式炊具。它包括幾塊平坦的墻壁，或面板，直接反射陽光到食物上。食物在一個(gè)單獨(dú)的塑料或玻璃容器內(nèi)，可以捕捉熱能。人們可以很快地建造板式炊具，而且?guī)缀鯖]有供應(yīng)。它們成本不高。例如，在肯尼亞，板式炊具只生產(chǎn)兩美元。
The third kind of solar oven is a parabolic cooker. It has rounded walls that aim sunlight directly into the bottom of the oven. Food cooks quickly in parabolic ovens. However, these cookers are hard to make. They must be re-aimed often to follow the sun. Parabolic cookers can also cause burns and eye injuries if they are not used correctly.
第三種太陽能灶是拋物面式炊具。它有圓形的墻壁，把陽光直接對(duì)準(zhǔn)烤箱的底部。在拋物面形爐灶里食物熟得很快。然而，這些炊具很難制作。它們必須經(jīng)常重新瞄準(zhǔn)以跟隨太陽。如果不正確使用，拋物面形爐灶也會(huì)導(dǎo)致灼傷和眼睛受傷。
You can make solar ovens from boxes or heavy paper. They will not catch fire. Paper burns at two hundred thirty-two degrees Celsius. A solar cooker never gets that hot. Solar ovens cook food at low temperatures over long periods of time. This permits people to leave food to cook while they do other things.
你可以用盒子或厚紙做太陽能烤爐。他們不會(huì)著火。紙燃燒在232攝氏度。太陽能炊具永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)那么熱。太陽能灶具在低溫下長(zhǎng)時(shí)間烹飪食物。這允許人們?cè)谧銎渌虑榈臅r(shí)候離開食物做飯。
